Vasopressin, also known as antidiuretic hormone (ADH) or arginine vasopressin (AVP), is a hormone that plays a crucial role in regulating water and sodium balance in the body. It primarily affects the kidneys, increasing water reabsorption and thus decreasing urine output, and also constricts blood vessels, which can raise blood pressure. Vasopressin is synthesized in the hypothalamus and released from the posterior pituitary gland.
Vasopressin (also known as ADH or AVP) is a key hormone that regulates water and sodium balance in the body. It promotes water reabsorption in the kidneys and constricts blood vessels to help regulate blood pressure.
Vasopressin is synthesized in the hypothalamus and stored and secreted from the posterior pituitary gland into the bloodstream.
The body's osmoreceptors in the hypothalamus are extremely sensitive; a change in serum osmolality of as little as 1% can trigger an increase or decrease in vasopressin secretion.
Vasopressin binds to receptors in the collecting duct cells of the kidneys, causing water channels (aquaporins) to fuse with the cell membrane. This allows water to be reabsorbed back into the bloodstream, resulting in lower urine volume and concentrated urinary contents.
Vasopressin and oxytocin evolved from a single primordial neurohypophyseal hormone called vasotocin, which is present in lower vertebrates.