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High-Quality Vasopressin CAS 50-57-7 - China Suppliers & Factory for Antidiuretic Hormone, Water Regulation and Blood Pressure Management Manufacturer, Manufacturers
Product Description
Vasopressin, also known as antidiuretic hormone (ADH) or arginine vasopressin (AVP), is a hormone that plays a crucial role in regulating water and sodium balance in the body. It primarily affects the kidneys, increasing water reabsorption and thus decreasing urine output, and also constricts blood vessels, which can raise blood pressure. Vasopressin is synthesized in the hypothalamus and released from the posterior pituitary gland.
Therapeutic Areas
Human Nervous System: Vasopressin and Cardiovascular Regulation
Vasopressin is a hormone that plays a key role in maintaining osmolality (the concentration of dissolved particles, such as salts and glucose, in the serum) and therefore in maintaining the volume of water in the extracellular fluid (the fluid space that surrounds cells). This is necessary to protect cells from sudden increases or decreases in water content, which are capable of interfering with proper cell function. Normal serum osmolality ranges from about 285 to 300 milliosmoles per kilogram (mOsm/kg) in healthy people. Vasopressin and a hormone called oxytocin evolved from a single primordial neurohypophyseal hormone called vasotocin, which is present in lower vertebrates.
Special nerve cells called osmoreceptors in the hypothalamus are very sensitive to changes in serum osmolality. The osmoreceptors are closely associated with the same nerve cells that produce and secrete vasopressin. Serum osmolality that increases or decreases by as little as 1 percent can cause respective decreases or increases in vasopressin release.
Outlook & Development
This stimulation leads to the separation of vasopressin from molecules of neurophysin, to which vasopressin is loosely attached within the secretory cells. Vasopressin is then released from the posterior pituitary gland, leading to the subsequent retention of water by the kidneys. This inhibition leads to a decrease in vasopressin secretion and a subsequent increase in water excretion. The osmoreceptors are also closely linked to the thirst centre, which is stimulated by high serum osmolality and is inhibited by low serum osmolality in the same way as is vasopressin secretion.
In the kidneys, vasopressin acts on the cells of the collecting ducts. These cells contain receptors for vasopressin that are linked to vesicles that contain special water channels (aquaporins). When the cells are stimulated by vasopressin, the aquaporins fuse with the region of the cell membrane that is exposed to urine, allowing water to enter the cells. The water is then returned to the circulation. This causes the volume of urine to decrease and the urinary content of sodium, chloride, and other substances to increase. When this occurs, the urine is said to be concentrated.
Frequently Asked Questions
What is Vasopressin and what is its primary function?
Vasopressin, also known as antidiuretic hormone (ADH) or arginine vasopressin (AVP), is a hormone that regulates water and sodium balance in the body. It primarily acts on the kidneys to increase water reabsorption, thereby decreasing urine output, and it also constricts blood vessels to raise blood pressure.
Where is Vasopressin produced and released?
Vasopressin is synthesized in the hypothalamus and is subsequently released from the posterior pituitary gland into the bloodstream.
What is the normal range for serum osmolality?
In healthy individuals, normal serum osmolality ranges from about 285 to 300 milliosmoles per kilogram (mOsm/kg).
How do osmoreceptors control the release of Vasopressin?
Osmoreceptors in the hypothalamus are highly sensitive to changes in serum osmolality. An increase or decrease of as little as 1 percent in osmolality can trigger a corresponding increase or decrease in the release of vasopressin to maintain proper fluid balance.
How does Vasopressin interact with the kidneys to concentrate urine?
Vasopressin acts on the cells of the collecting ducts in the kidneys. It stimulates these cells to fuse aquaporins (special water channels) with the cell membrane, allowing water to re-enter the circulation. This decreases urine volume and increases the concentration of sodium and chloride in the urine.
What is the evolutionary origin of Vasopressin?
Vasopressin and oxytocin evolved from a single primordial neurohypophyseal hormone called vasotocin, which is present in lower vertebrates.
